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Scientific Oral Presentations

Care Equity, Quality, and Safety

Session: Scientific Oral Presentations 3 - Care Equity, Quality, and Safety

Investigation of Gender Differences in Leadership of Otolaryngology Clinical Trials

Monday, September 30, 2024

9:30 AM – 9:36 AM EDT

Location: MBCC, 235-237

Disclosure(s):

Soraya Fereydooni, BS:

faculty for this accredited education activity has no relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Yan H. Lee, MD:

faculty for this accredited education activity has no relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Avanti Verma, MD:

faculty for this accredited education activity has no relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Introduction: With a 6.2% increase in the US female otolaryngologists between 2013-2021, there has been slow progress towards gender parity in the field of otolaryngology. Our objective was to investigate female representation as primary investigators running clinical trials (CTs).

Methods: We extracted information on completed otolaryngology-related CTs between 2013 and 2023 from clinicaltrials.gov. We examined the gender distribution according to trial information. The gender of PIs and authors was determined using the gender package in R, which identifies gender using historical data from the United States. The remaining missing gender information was extracted from online academic profiles or using the large language model, ChatGPT. Linear regression was used to assess whether there was a significant association between years and the change in the percentage of PIs.

Results: In these analyses of 4,058 CTs registered on clinicaltrials.gov with 2,646 unique PIs, we found that gender disparity among the PIs has persisted over the last decade with some but not a significant trend toward parity (0.29 vs 0.7; P = 0.3). More male investigators held MD degrees (57% vs 39%; P < 0.01) and more female investigators had non-MD degrees (38% vs 20%; P < 0.01). The clinical trials run by women had a higher all-female enrollment compared to men (3.1% vs 1.3%; P < 0.01). More male PIs were funded by industry compared to female PIs (23% vs 19%; P < 0.01), but more female PIs were funded by NIH compared to male PIs (4.2% vs 2.5%; P < 0.01). Behavioral clinical trials had a higher number of female PIs (11% vs 4.1%; P < 0.01), and device and drug clinical trials had a higher number of male PIs (65% vs 55%; P < 0.01). There were no statistical differences in the distribution of male vs female PIs in different locations of the world.

Conclusions: Our results show that female investigators are underrepresented in clinical trials with no trend towards parity. Inclusion and support from industry and the government can increase the diversity of leadership.

Presenting Author(s)

Soraya Fereydooni, BS

Medical Student
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, CT, United States

Disclosure(s):
faculty for this accredited education activity has no relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Co-Author(s)

LO

Lauren Ong, BA

California Northstate University, United States

Disclosure information not submitted.
ET

Ethan A. Tabaie, BS

Medical Student
California Northstate Universtiy
Roseville, CA, United States

Disclosure information not submitted.
AO

Amanda O’ Donnell, BS

Yale College, United States

Disclosure information not submitted.
AA

Andres Aguirre, BS

Yale College, United States

Disclosure information not submitted.
Yan H. Lee, MD

Associate Program Director, Assistant Professor
Yale University, Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
New Haven, CT, United States

Disclosure(s):
faculty for this accredited education activity has no relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.
Avanti Verma, MD

Assistant Professor
Yale University School of Medicine
Guilford, CT, United States

Disclosure(s):
faculty for this accredited education activity has no relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Senior Author(s)

Avanti Verma, MD

Assistant Professor
Yale University School of Medicine
Guilford, CT, United States

Disclosure(s):
faculty for this accredited education activity has no relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.